Cat’s Eyes Red, Tearing: Causes and Solutions

The sight of your feline friend with red, teary eyes can be alarming. Several factors can contribute to this condition, ranging from mild irritations to serious infections. Understanding the potential causes is crucial for providing your cat with appropriate care and seeking timely veterinary attention when needed. Let’s delve into the common reasons behind cat’s eyes turning red and watery, exploring each in detail to equip you with the knowledge to act effectively.

Inflammation of the Eyes: A Common Culprit

One of the most frequent causes is inflammation, which can stem from various sources. Conjunctivitis, an inflammation of the conjunctiva (the clear membrane covering the white part of the eye and the inner surface of the eyelids), is a common culprit. Bacterial or viral infections can trigger this condition, leading to symptoms like redness, swelling, excessive tearing, and an increased amount of eye discharge.

Corneal inflammation (keratitis), affecting the clear front surface of the eye, is another potential cause. This can also result in redness, tearing, and discomfort, and in severe cases, can impair vision.

Addressing eye inflammation typically involves veterinary intervention. Antibiotic eye drops or ointments are often prescribed for bacterial infections, while antiviral medications may be necessary for viral infections. In addition, your vet may recommend anti-inflammatory drugs to reduce swelling and discomfort. It’s imperative to follow your veterinarian’s instructions carefully and complete the entire course of medication, even if your cat’s condition improves before the medication is finished.

Foreign Object Irritation: Removing the Offender

Our curious feline companions often explore their surroundings with gusto, which can unfortunately lead to foreign objects getting lodged in their eyes. Dust, dirt, hair, small insects, or even plant material can irritate the delicate tissues, causing redness, tearing, and squinting. Your cat may also attempt to rub or paw at its eye, exacerbating the problem.

If you suspect a foreign object, gently flush the eye with sterile saline solution. This can help dislodge the irritant. Avoid using tap water, as it may contain contaminants that could further irritate the eye. Observe your cat closely after flushing. If the redness and tearing persist, or if your cat continues to show signs of discomfort, seek veterinary attention. A veterinarian can safely remove any embedded objects and assess for corneal damage. After removing the foreign object, applying a few drops of veterinarian-approved lubricating eye drops can help soothe the eye and prevent infection.

Allergies: An Overreaction to the Environment

Just like humans, cats can suffer from allergies, which can manifest as red, watery eyes. Environmental allergens such as pollen, dust mites, mold, and certain cleaning products can trigger an allergic reaction. Food allergies can also contribute to eye irritation, although this is less common.

Alongside eye symptoms, allergic cats may also exhibit sneezing, coughing, itching, and skin rashes. Managing allergies involves identifying and avoiding the offending allergens. Your veterinarian may recommend antihistamines or corticosteroids to help alleviate the symptoms. Implementing regular cleaning routines to minimize dust and mold, using hypoallergenic bedding, and switching to a different food could potentially relieve the symptoms.

Upper Respiratory Infections: More Than Just a Cold

Upper respiratory infections (URIs), often referred to as “cat colds,” are a common cause of red, teary eyes in cats, especially kittens and cats living in multi-cat environments. These infections are usually caused by viruses, such as feline herpesvirus (FHV-1) or feline calicivirus (FCV), but can also be caused by bacteria.

In addition to eye symptoms, cats with URIs may exhibit sneezing, nasal discharge, coughing, loss of appetite, and fever. Treatment typically involves supportive care, such as keeping the cat warm and hydrated, providing palatable food, and clearing nasal and eye discharge with a warm, damp cloth. In severe cases, antibiotics may be necessary to combat secondary bacterial infections. L-lysine supplements are often recommended as they may help suppress viral replication.

Dehydration and Dietary Issues: Paying Attention to the Basics

Insufficient hydration can lead to various health problems in cats, including dry eyes. Dry eyes can become irritated and inflamed, resulting in redness and tearing. Ensure your cat always has access to fresh, clean water. Consider adding wet food to your cat’s diet to increase their overall fluid intake.

A diet lacking in essential nutrients, particularly vitamin A, can also compromise eye health. Feeding your cat a high-quality, balanced commercial diet specifically formulated for cats is essential to ensure they receive all the necessary nutrients.

Blocked Tear Ducts: A Drainage Problem

Tear ducts, also known as nasolacrimal ducts, are responsible for draining tears away from the eyes and into the nasal passages. If these ducts become blocked, tears can overflow onto the face, leading to chronic wetness, staining of the fur around the eyes, and potential skin irritation.

Blockages can occur due to inflammation, infection, foreign objects, or congenital abnormalities. A veterinarian can diagnose a blocked tear duct through a physical examination and possibly a dye test to assess tear duct function. Treatment may involve flushing the tear ducts with saline solution to remove any obstructions. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to correct structural abnormalities.

Entropion and Ectropion: Eyelid Abnormalities

Entropion is a condition in which the eyelid rolls inward, causing the eyelashes to rub against the cornea. This can lead to chronic irritation, pain, and corneal damage. Ectropion, on the other hand, is when the eyelid rolls outward, exposing the conjunctiva and increasing the risk of infection and dryness. Both conditions can result in red, teary eyes.

Entropion and ectropion are often hereditary and more common in certain breeds, such as Persian, Himalayan, and Burmese cats. Surgical correction is usually required to reposition the eyelid and alleviate the symptoms.

Glaucoma and Uveitis: Serious Underlying Conditions

Glaucoma is a condition characterized by increased pressure inside the eye, which can damage the optic nerve and lead to vision loss. Symptoms may include redness, cloudiness of the cornea, enlarged pupil, and pain.

Uveitis is an inflammation of the uvea, the middle layer of the eye. It can be caused by infections, trauma, autoimmune diseases, or cancer. Symptoms may include redness, pain, light sensitivity, and changes in pupil size.

Both glaucoma and uveitis are serious conditions that require immediate veterinary attention. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are crucial to preserve vision and prevent further complications. Treatment options may include medications to lower eye pressure (for glaucoma) or anti-inflammatory medications (for uveitis).

When to Seek Veterinary Care: Don’t Delay

While some cases of red, teary eyes in cats may be mild and resolve on their own, it’s important to know when to seek professional help. Schedule a veterinary appointment if you notice any of the following:

Severe redness or swelling

Excessive tearing or discharge

Cloudiness of the cornea

Pain or squinting

Changes in pupil size

Loss of vision

Symptoms lasting more than 24 hours

Any other signs of illness, such as fever, lethargy, or loss of appetite

A thorough veterinary examination is necessary to determine the underlying cause of your cat’s eye problems and to develop an appropriate treatment plan. Early diagnosis and treatment can help prevent serious complications and ensure your cat’s continued eye health. Don’t hesitate to reach out to your veterinarian if you have any concerns about your cat’s eyes.